Module 2: Understanding Data Breaches

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🚨 Understanding Data Breaches

Data breaches expose millions of records every year. Understanding what they are, how they happen, and what to do when your data is compromised is essential for protecting yourself.

What is a Data Breach?

A data breach occurs when unauthorized individuals gain access to confidential data. This can include names, emails, passwords, credit cards, Social Security numbers, medical records, and more.

How Breaches Happen

• Hacking - Exploiting system vulnerabilities, malware, ransomware
• Phishing - Tricking employees into revealing credentials
• Insider threats - Employees misusing access (malicious or accidental)
• Physical theft - Stolen laptops or hard drives
• Third-party vendors - Breaches at partner companies
• Weak security - Poor passwords, no encryption, unpatched software

What Information is at Risk?

• Personal info - Names, addresses, phone numbers, emails, birthdates
• Financial data - Credit cards, bank accounts, transaction history
• Credentials - Usernames, passwords, security questions
• Government IDs - Social Security numbers, driver's licenses, passports
• Health records - Medical history, insurance info, prescriptions
• Biometric data - Fingerprints, facial recognition data

Consequences of Breaches

For You:

• Identity theft and financial fraud
• Account takeovers
• Increased phishing attacks using your leaked info
• Reputation damage
• Emotional distress

How to Check If You've Been Breached

What to Do If Your Data is Breached

Immediate Actions (First 24-48 Hours):

1. Change your password immediately on the breached service
2. Change passwords on any other accounts using the same password
3. Enable two-factor authentication
4. Monitor your accounts for unauthorized activity
5. Contact the breached organization

Short-term Actions (First Week):

1. Place a fraud alert with credit bureaus
2. Review your credit reports
3. Update security questions
4. Watch for phishing attempts
5. Document everything

Long-term Actions:

1. Consider a credit freeze
2. Sign up for identity theft protection
3. Monitor credit regularly
4. Stay informed about the breach
5. File taxes early (if SSN was compromised)

How to Protect Yourself

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